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DSL (Digital Subscriber Line)

DSL (Digital Subscriber Line)

Digital subscriber line (DSL) service uses the existing phone wires connected to virtually every home in most countries. The twisted-pair wires that provide phone service are ideal because the available frequency ranges on the wires far exceed those required to carry a voice conversation. Human speech occupies frequencies of roughly 4000 hertz (4 kHz) or less. The copper wires that provide phone service can carry in the range of 1â€'2 million hertz (MHz). DSL provides more downstream data (from the Internet to you) than upstream data (from you to the Internet) based on user profiles, but this can change for businesses or those running web servers.

DSL Equipment
DSL requires some specialized equipment to ensure that the voice and data are kept separate and routed to the right place. All phone jacks not used by a computer have low- pass filters (LPFs) to prevent interference from the high-frequency data signals.

A DSL modem is the interface from the phone line to the computer.

DSL access multiplexers (DSLAMs) aggregate hundreds of signals from homes and are the access points to the Internet.

Limitations and Advantages
DSL signals are distance sensitive, which means that the available throughput decreases the farther away from the local office your house is. The maximum distance is about 18,000 feet. DSL signals cannot be amplified, nor can they be converted from one medium to another between the DSL modem and the DSLAM. (For example, optical fiber extensions are not possible.) The good news for DSL is that throughput is not affected by the number of users as long as the phone company continues to add DSLAMs to support new users.




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